1- World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO) is the global forum was established in 1967, (Headquarter Geneva, Switzerland) for intellectual property (IP) services, policy, information and cooperation. WIPO is a self-funding agency of the United Nations, with 193 member states.

2- World directory of sources of patent information / World Intellectual Property Organization is published by WIPO.

3- Paper made from papyrus was the chief writing material in ancient Egyptians was adopted by the Greeks.

4- The UNESCO Public Library Manifesto is approved by UNESCO in 1949 and updated in Paris on 29 November, 1994.

5- Book Order Vigilance Pad (BOVP) suggested by Michael Gorman

6- e-Journal article identified with the help of (DOI), Digital Object Identifier (DOI) is a unique identifier that identifies digital objects. The object, itself, may change physical locations, but the DOI assigned to that object will never change. Journal publishers are assigning DOIs to electronic copies of individual articles in journals.

7- The Question Point service, available at www.questionpoint.org, provides libraries with access to a growing collaborative network of reference librarians in the United States and around the world. Library patrons can submit questions at any time of the day or night through their library's Web site.

8- David Ellis explains the Information seeking behaviour model activities as starting, browsing, chaining, and monitoring.

9- “Internet Governance Guide for Librarians” is a publication of IFLA.

10- Web Portal is a customised website (often based on restrictions of domain article) that immerses information from wide array of sources in a consistent & unified manner.

11- “Information Outlook” is a bi-monthly magazine published by SLA.

12- Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) defines an IP address as a 32-bit number. However, because of the growth of the Internet and the depletion of available IPv4 addresses, a new version of IP (IPv6), using 128 bits for the IP address, was standardized in 1998.

13- The protocol used to provide security to emails is known as - SSL, TLS, and STARTTLS refer to standard protocols used to secure email transmissions. SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) and its successor, Transport Layer Security (TLS), provide a way to encrypt a communication channel between two computers over the Internet.

14- Professor Harald Haas coined the term "Li-Fi" at his 2011 TED Global Talk where he introduced the idea of "wireless data from every light".

15- PGP protocol is used for Email security.

16-- The functions carried out by firewall is to- A firewall is a protective measure that safeguards an individual's or company's computer network. It provides two basic security functions, including packet filtering, which inspects traffic at the packet level, and acting as an application proxy, providing security measures at the application level.

17- SCIRUS search engines is merged with Science Direct

18- Accession Register is the chief record of Library.

19- International Conference on Cataloguing Principle (ICCP) held at Paris in 1961 defined a catalogue as a, “Comprehensive list of a collection or collections of books, documents or similar materials”

20- According to C.A. Cutter, a library catalogue is a, “list of documents which is arranged in some definite plan. As distinguished from a bibliography, it is a list of books in some library or collections”.

21- Five Laws of Library Science because these are the guiding principles for effective scientific planning of a library.

22- Main use of Shelf list is Stock Verification & Book Selection.

23- Trinity of Library- Books, Reader and Staff”

24- "Shodhganga" is the name coined to denote the digital repository of Indian Electronic Theses and Dissertations set-up by the INFLIBNET Centre.

25- COMPENDEX is a product of Elsevier. It is the most comprehensive bibliographic database covering all engineering disciplines. It covers peer-reviewed journals, conference proceedings and trade publications.

26- CiteseerX is an evolving scientific literature digital library and search engine that has focused   primarily on the literature in computer and information science.

27- Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) is a division of American Chemical Society.

 28- Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) - is an online digital library of education research and information. ERIC is sponsored by the Institute of Education Sciences (IES) of the U.S. Department of Education. ERIC provides ready access to education literature to support the use of educational research and information to improve practice in learning, teaching, educational decision-making, and research.

29- In 2004 Google Inc. introduced Google Scholar a citation database for searching scholarly literature. Google Scholar is a freely available citation database.

 30- INSPEC: the fields of electronics, computer science, physics, electrical, control, production and mechanical engineering. It is published by The Institution of Engineering and Technology, Stevenage, Herts., U.K.

31- Library and Information Science Abstracts (LISA): maintained by ProQuest is an international abstracting and indexing tool designed for library professionals and other information specialists.

 

32- PubMed: National Library of Medicne (NLM), United States has been indexing the biomedical literature since 1879. The Index Medicus, became a database now known as MEDLINE. MEDLINE contains journal citations and abstracts for biomedical literature in many languages from around the world. Since 1996, free access to MEDLINE has been available to the public online via PubMed.

 

33- SCOPUS is an abstract and citation database of peer-reviewed literature with smart tools that track, analyze and visualize research.

 

34- Web of Knowledge (WoK) :Thomson Reuters (formerly ISI) Web of Knowledge is today's premier research platform for information in the sciences, social sciences, arts, and humanities.

 

35- Bibliographic databases example: CAS, Compendex, ERIC, LISA, Inspec, MathSciNet, and Pubmed are basically bibliographic databases.

 

36- Citation Databases example : CiteseerX, Web of Knowledge, Google Scholar and Scopus are examples for Citation databases.

 

37- Eugenfactor is another parameter developed by Jevin West and Carl Bergstrom at the University of Washington.

 

38- HistCite: Eugene Garfield, popularly known as the father of Citation Analysis, developed a new software tool called HistCite for individuals to make it easier for individuals to perform bibliometric analysis and visualization tasks.

 

39- Publish or Perish: It is a popular software program among scholars that retrieves and analyzes academic citations. It is developed and maintained by A.W. Harzing.

 

40- Scholarometer (previously Tenurometer) is called so as it provides service to scholars by computing citation-based impact measures. It is a social tool to facilitate citation analysis and help evaluate the impact of an author's publications.

 

41- Popular bibliometric software/tools are: BibExcel, CiteSpace, Eigenfactor Score, HistCite, Pajek, Publish or Perish, Scholarometer, Scholar h-index Calculator.

 

42- The h-index is short for the Hirsch index, which was introduced by Jorge E. Hirsch (2005) as a way to quantify the productivity and impact of an individual author. h-index is simply a count of the largest number of papers (h) from a journal or author that have at least (h) number of citations.

 

43- The full form of API is the Application Program Interface. API is a collection of protocols, routines and software-building apps. APIs are used while configuring GUI (graphical user interface) components. Lists of several most famous APIs are Twitter APIs, Google Maps APIs, Flickr APIs, YouTube APIs.

 

44- Correlation Coefficient value always lies between -1 to +1. If correlation coefficient value is positive, then there is a similar and identical relation between the two variables. Correlation Coefficient is a statistical concept.

 

45- Question Point is a collaborative network of Reference Librarian.

46- Synchronous communication takes place in real-time between two or more people. Examples of synchronous communication include video conferencing, instant messaging, and telephone conversations.

47- Asynchronous transmission is a type of data transmission which works on starts and stop bits. In Asynchronous transmission, each character contains its start and stop bit and irregular interval of time between them. Examples- Message, email, Video recording.

48- The h-index (known as Hirsch index) is “an index that qualifies both the actual scientific productivity and the apparent scientific impact of a scientist”.

Example: (i) - h-index of 30 means the researcher has 30 papers each of which has been cited 30+ times.

 Example: (ii) If a scientist has written 50 papers. 30 of which have achieved 30 or more citations, his or her h-index is 30.

49- The two books authored by de Solla Price, “Science since Babylon” and “Little Science, Big Science” published in 1961 and 1963 respectively.

50- The Web of Science™ is the world’s most trusted publisher-independent global citation database guided by the legacy of Dr Eugene Garfield, inventor of the world’s first citation index.